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H. C. NICHOLSON. QUADRUPLEX TELEGRAPH. No. 332,551. Patented Dec. '15,1885.

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QUADRUPLEX TELEGRAPH. No. 332,551. Patented Dqg. 15, 1885.

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HENRY G. NICHOLSON, OF MOUNT WASHINGTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE \VESTERNUNION TELEGRAPH COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

QUADRUPLEX TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 332,551, dated December15, 1885.

Application filed September 26, 1885. Serial No. 178,253. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beitknown that I, HENRY O. NICHOLSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Mount Washington, in the county of Hamilton and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in QuadruplexTelegraphs; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in IQ the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention, which was originally claimed in my application for aUnited States Patent filed May 11, 1876, but was ruled out of that I 5application by the action of the Patent Office on July 31, 1885, relatesto devices for manipulating electrical currents on a single line-wirewith usual ground-connections, so as to admit of the sending of fourmessages simultaneously-two in each direction-of the Morse alphabet, orone in each direction of the Nicholson alphabet, as patented by me inUnited States Lgatters Patent No. 112,836, dated March 21, 1 71.

My invention consists of the combination, at one station, of two unequalmainline batteries normally out of circuit and two transmitting-keys,one of which, besides independently controlling one of the batteries,also controls the connections of the contact-points of the other key insuch manner as to determine the polarity of the current from the batteryput to line by the latter.

It further consists of the combination, with 5 said transmitting devicesat one station, of two independent relays at the other station, one ofwhich responds to line-currents of a given polarity, irrespective oftension, while the other responds to line-currents of a given tension,irrespective of the polarity.

In the annexed drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the unevenbatteries, keys, and connections. Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating threerelays that would be required if main-line batteries of equal strengthwere employed. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating my invention as embodiedin a quadruplex telegraph.

The arrangement and construction of the wires and keys are as follows:The double key A vibrates between the points a c. The point 0 isinsulated in the frame 0, so that it cannot connect in common with thepoint 0 to wire S. The point 0 is connected to the minus end of batteryE by wire S, the point 0, through spark-coil 1, to line R by wire Q, thespring G to key B, through spark-coil 2, by wire L, and

to minus end of battery F by tap-wire N, the plus end of battery E toline-wire It by wire M, the key A to ground-wire J, and the plus end ofbattery F to point (I by wire K.

The passage of the main current under the various positions of themanipulating-keys is as follows; WVhen both keys are open,the main lineis complete from wire B through wire Q, spark-coil1, point 0, spring G,wire L, sparkcoil 2, key B, spring H, wire I, spring G, key A, andthence to ground at wire J, leaving both batteries E and F out ofcircuit, the resistance of which is represented by the spark- 7o coils 1and 2.

Then the key A is closed in the act of sending a message, the spring Gleaves point 0 and engages with the hook end of key A, and the spring Gleaves the hook end of key A and 7 5 engages with the point 0, afterwhich the currents play as follows: from line B, through wire M,positive end of battery E, (which thus presents plus polarity to line,)wire S, point 0, spring G, wire I, spring H, key B, wire L, spark-coil2, spring G, key A, and thence to ground J, leaving out battery F, theresistance of which is represented by spark-coil 2.

Vhen the key B is closed, the spring H leaves hook end of the key andengages with point d, when the currents play as follows: from line B,through spark-coil 1, wire Q, point 0, spring G,wire L, tap-wire N, tominus end of battery F, (which thus presents minus polarity to line,)thence through wire K, point (1, spring H, wire I, spring G, hook-key A,and thence to ground at J, thus leaving out battery E, whose resistanceis represented by spark-coil 1.

\Vhen both keys are closed in the act of sending two dispatchessimultaneously, the play of the currents is as follows: from line B,through wire M, to plus end of battery E, wire S, point 0, spring G,wire I, spring H, point d, wire K, to plus end of battery F,

wire N, spring G, hook-key A, and thence to ground J, taking in bothbatteries with aplus presentation toline.

I am enabled to employ but two relays at the distant station-one apolarized relay for receiving the current from the lesser battery, andthe other a non-polarized relay adjusted to resist the current of thelesser battery, but capable of operation under the current of theincreased orlarger battery. If the batteries E F were of equal size, twopolarized relays and one non-polarized relay adjusted to respond only tocurrents from the two batteries combined would be required at thedistant station, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 clearly shows my invention adapted for simultaneously sending andreceiving messages at both stations I and II, at each of which there isa transmitting apparatus such as I have described, a polarized relay, PR, a non-polarized relay, M R, and an artificial line, A L. The relaysare ordinary so-called differential relays, having one coil in themain-line circuit and an opposing coil in the artificial-line circuit,all as will be readily understood from said figure by persons skilled inthe art.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, at one station of an openmain-line circuit, substantially as specified, of two unequal mainbatteries and two electrically-connected transmitting-keys, one

of which-say the first keysimply opens and closes a battery connectingthrough the second key with the main line, while the second keysuccessively reverses the direction of the mainline circuit through thecircuit-connections between the two keys, and by such reversal eitherdetermines or reverses the polarity of the battery controlled by thefirst key, according as said first key is open or closed.

2. The combination, substantially as specified, at one station of anopen main-line circuit, of two unequal main batteries and twoelectrically-connected transmitting-keys, one of which-say the firstkeysin1pl y opens and closes a battery connecting through the second keywith the main line, while the second key successively reverses thedirection of the main-line circuit through the circuit-connectionsbetween the two keys, and by such reversal either determines or reversesthe polarity of the battery controlled by the first key, according assaid first key is open or closed, and at another station of a relaycontrolled by change of polarity and a relay controlled by change oftension, arranged to simultaneously receive two messages.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.HENRY G. NICHOLSON.

W'itnesses:

DAVID S. OLIVER, GEO. J. MURRAY.

